Amirian, Z., Kassaian, Z., & Tavakoli, M. (2008). Genre analysis: An investigation of the discussion sections of applied linguistics RAs. The Asian ESP Journal,4(1), 39-63.
Amnuai, W., & Wannaruk, A. (2013). Investigating move structure of English applied linguistics research article discussions published in international and Thai journals. English Language Teaching, 6(2), 1-13.
Arsyad, S. (2013). A genre-based analysis on discussion section of research articles in Indonesian written by Indonesian speakers. International Journal of Linguistics, 5(4), 50-70.
Atai, M. R., & Falah, S. (2005). A contrastive genre analysis of result and discussion sections of applied linguistic research articles written by native and non-native English speakers with respect to evaluated entities and ascribed values. Paper presented at the 10th Conference of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, Edinburgh.
Atkinson, D., & Sohn, J. (2013). Culture from the Bottom Up. TESOL Quarterly. Doi:10.1002/tesq.104.
Azirah Hashim. (2005). Linguistic approaches to academic discourse [Electronic Version].
Bulletin,
5, 4-5. Retrieved February 3, 2009, from http://
www.ippp.um. edu.my/download /files/0004A.pdf
Bagheri, J., Biria, R., & Shafiee, S. (2013). A Sociopragmatic Analysis of Textual Metadiscourse Markers in English and Persian Scientific Texts. International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research,1 (3).
Basturkmen, H. (2009). Commenting on results in published research articles and masters dissertations in Language Teaching. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 8(4), 241-251.
Basturkmen, H. (2012). A genre-based investigation of discussion sections of research articles in dentistry and disciplinary variation.
Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 11(2), 134-144. Doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2011.10.004.
Berkenkotter, C., & Huckin, T. N. (1993). Rethinking genre from a socio cognitive perspective. Written communication, 10(4), 475-509.
Bhatia, V. K. (2004). Worlds of written discourse: A genre-based view. London: Continuum.
Bickner, R., & Peyasantiwong, P. (1988). Cultural variation in reflective writing. In A. Purves (Ed.),Writing across languages and cultures: Issues in contrastive rhetoric(pp. 160–175). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Biria, R., & Tahririan, M. H. (1997). Communicative conventions in discussion discourse. International Journal of Psycholinguistics, 13(3), 1-11.
Bitchener, J., & Basturkman, H. (2006). Perceptions of the difficulties of postgraduate L2 thesis students writing the discussion section. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 5, 4-18.
Bonyadi, A., & Samuel, M. (2011). Linguistic nature of presupposition in American and Persian newspaper editorials. International Journal of Linguistics, 3(1), 1-15. Retrieved from http://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ijl/article/viewFile/55 4/pdf
Burrough-Boenisch, J. (2003). Examining present tense conventions in scientific writing in the light of reader reactions to three Dutchauthored discussions. English for Specific Purposes, 22(1), 5–24.
Cambridge University Press.
Chen, T.-Y., & Kuo, C.-H. (2012). A genre-based analysis of the information structure of master's theses in applied linguistics. The Asian ESP Journal, 8(1), 24-52
Cook, G. (2003). Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dobakhti, L. (2016). A genre analysis of discussion sections of qualitative research articles in applied linguistics.
Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 6 (7), pp. 1383-1389, DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0607.08
Dudley-Evans, T. (1994). Genre analysis: An approach to text analysis for ESP. In M. Coulthard (Ed.), Advances in Written Text Analysis (pp. 219-228). London: Routledge.
Ershadi, S. & Farnia, M.(2015). Comparative Generic Analysis of Discussions of English and Persian Computer Research Articles. Komunikacija i kultura online, Godina VI, broj 6.
Falahati, R. (2008). A contrastive study of hedging in English and Farsi academic discourse. ESP Across Cultures, 5, 49-67.
Fallah, S. (2004). A contrastive genre analysis of results and discussion sections of applied linguistics research articles by native and non-native English speakers with respect to evaluative entities and ascribed values. Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of Teacher Training, Tehran, Iran.
Fallahi Moghimi, M., & Mobasher, F. (2007). Genre analysis of introduction section of English and Persian articles in Mechanics. TELL, 1(2), 59-73.
Fallahi, M. M., & Erzi, M. (2003). Genre analysis in language teaching: An investigation of the structure of the discussion section of language teaching-journal articles. IJAL, 6(1), 69-81.
Farrokhi, F., & Emami, S. (2008). Hedges and Boosters in Academic Writing: Native vs. Non-native Research Articles in Applied Linguistics and Engineering. The Journal of Applied Linguistics, 1(2), 62-98.
Freedman, A. (1993). Situating genre: A rejoinder. Research in the Teaching of English, 272-81.
Grabe, W. (2005). Applied linguistics: An emerging discipline for the twenty-first century In R. B. Kaplan (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of applied linguistics (pp. 3-12). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Guiora, A. (1983). The dialectic of language acquisition. Language Learning, 33(1), 3–12.
Hewings, M., & Hewings, A. (2002). “It is interesting to note that.”: A comparative study of anticipatory ‘it’ in student and published writing. English for Specific Purposes, 21, 367-383.
Hinkel, E. (1997). Indirectness in L1 and L2 academic writing. Journal of Pragmatics, 27(3), 360-386.
Hinkel, E. (2002). Second language writers' text: Linguistic and rhetorical features .Mahwa, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Hinkel, E. (2003). Adverbial markers and tone in L1 and L2 students’ writing. Journal of Pragmatics, 35(7), 1049-1068.
Hinkel, E. (2003). Simplicity without elegance: Features of sentences in L1 and L2 academic texts. TESOL Quarterly, 37(2), 275-301.
Hinkel, E. (2011). What research on second language writing tells us and what it doesn’t. In E. Hinkel (Ed.), Handbook of research in second language teaching and learning Vol. 2 (pp. 523-538). New York: Routledge.
Holmes, R. (1997). Genre analysis, and the social sciences: An investigation of the structure of research article discussion sections in three disciplines. English for Specific Purposes, 16(4), 321-337.
Hopkins, A., & Dudley-Evans, T. (1988). A genre-based investigation of the discussion sections in articles and dissertations. English for Specific Purposes, 7(2), 113-121.
Hyland, K. (1996). Writing without conviction? Hedging in scientific research articles. Applied linguistics, 17 (4), 433-454.
Hyland, K. (1996). Writing without conviction? Hedging in scientific research articles. Applied linguistics, 17 (4), 433-454.
Hyland, K. (2000). Disciplinary discourses: Social interactions in academic writing. London: Longman.
Hyland, K. (2002). Genre: Language, context, and literacy. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 22, 113-135.
Jalilifar, A. (2010). The rhetoric of Persian and English advertisements. The International Journal of Language Society, and Culture, 30, 25-39.
Jalilifar, A. R., Firuzmand, S., & Roshani, S. (2011). Genre analysis of problem statement sections of MA proposals and theses in Applied Linguistics. Language, Society and Culture, 33, 85-93.
Jalilifar, A. R., Hayati, A. M., & Namdari, N. (2012). A comparative study of research article discussion sections of local and international applied linguistics journals. Journal of Asia TEFL, 9(1), 1-29.
Jogthong, C. (2001). Research article introductions in Thai: Genre analysis of academic writing (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of West Virginia, Morgantown.
Kanoksilapatham, B. (2005). Rhetorical structure of biochemistry research articles. English for Specific Purposes, 24(3), 269-292.
Kay, H., & Dudley-Evans, T. (1998). Genre: What teachers think. ELT Journal, 52(4), 308- 314.
Khany, R., & Tazik, K. (2010). A comparative study of introduction and discussion sections of sub-disciplines of applied linguistics research articles. Research in Applied Linguistics, 1(2), 97-122
Kim Loi, C., Evans, M. S., Lim, J. M, and Akkakoson, S. (2016). A comparison between Malay and English research article discussions: a move analysis. Sage Open, 1-11.doi: 10.1177/2158244016652925
Koutsantoni, D. (2006). Rhetorical strategies in engineering research articles and research theses: Advanced academic literacy and relations of power. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 5(1), 19-36.
Lewin, B., Fine, J., & Young, L. (2001). Expository discourse. London: Continuum.
Li, L., & Ge, G. (2009) Genre analysis: Structural and linguistic evolution of the English-medium medical research article (1985-2004).
English for Specific Purposes, 28, 93-104.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2008.12.004
Li, Y. (2011). A genre analysis of English and Chinese research article abstracts in linguistics and chemistry (Unpublished M.A. thesis). University of San Diego, California.
Martin, P. M. (2003). A genre analysis of English and Spanish research paper abstracts in experimental social sciences. English for Specific Purposes, 22(1), 25- 43.
Mattheoudakis, M., & Hatzitheodorou, A. (2011), «Discourse organising nouns in American and Greek university students’ argumentative essays: A contrastive study», en E. Kitis, N. Lavidas, Nina Topintzi & T. Tsangalidis (ed.), Selected papers from the 19th International Symposium on Theoretical and Applied Linguistics (ISTAL, 9th April 2009), Thessaloniki, Monochromia, pp. 329-333.
Metsä-Ketelä, M. (2012). Frequencies of vague expressions in English as an academic lingua franca. Journal of English as a Lingua Franca. 1, 263–85.
Min, L. H., San, P.H., Petras, Y. & Mohamad, A. R. (2013). Novice Writers in Asian Academia: Insights on writing issues. 3L: Language Linguistics Literature, Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies. 19(3), 47-60.
Mirzapour, F., RasekhMahand, M. (2012). Hedges and Boosters in Native and Non-Native Library and Information and Computer Science Research Articles. The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies,18 (2), 119-128.
Nasiri, S. (2012).Utilization of Hedging Devices by American and Iranian Researchers in the Field of Civil Engineering. International Journal of Linguistics, 4(2), 124-133.
Neff, J. A., Dafouz, E., Herrera, H., Martı´nez, F., Rica, J. P., Dı´ez, M., Prieto, R., & Sancho, C. (2003). Contrasting learner corpora: The use of modal and reporting verbs in the expression of writer stance. In S. Granger & S. Petch-Tyson (Eds.), Language and Computers: Extending the scope of corpus-based research: New applications, new challenges (pp. 211–230). Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Nodoushan, M., & Khabaz, N. (2011). Theses discussion section: A structural move analysis. International Journal of Language Studies, 5(3), 111-132.
Orwin, R. (1994). Evaluating coding decisions. In H. Cooper, & L. Hedges (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis (pp. 139–162). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Peacock, M. (2002). Communicative moves in the discussion section of research articles. System, 30(4), 479-497.
Peng, J. (1987). Organizational features in chemical engineering research articles. ELR Journal. 1, 79-116.
Poole, D. (2002). Discourse analysis and applied linguistics. In R. B. Kaplan, (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of applied linguistics (pp. 73-84). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rezanejad, Atefeh, Zahra Lari, and Zahra Mosalli. 2015. A cross-cultural analysis of the use of hedging devices in scientific research articles. Journal of Language Teaching and Research. 6, 1384–92.
Riddle, E. (1986). Meaning and discourse function of the past tense in English. TESOL Quarterly, 20(2), 267–286.
Sabet, M. K., & Kazempouri, M. (2015). Generic structure of discussion sections in ESP research articles across international and Iranian journals. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 6(2) 87-95.
Seifoori, Z. & Fatahi, J. (2014). “The comparison of the method section of applied linguistics articles written by native and Iranian writers in terms of grammatical complexity and clause types”. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 98, 698-705.
Sheikhani, F. L., Abdollahi-Guilani, M. (2017). A corporal investigation into the employment of adverbs on masters EFL candidates' academic essays. Modern Journal of Language Teaching Methods, 7(1), 156-167.
specialist research articles on medicine. English for Specific Purposes, 18 (2), 177-20.
Swales, J. M. (2004) Research genres: Explorations and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Swales, J. M., & Feak, C. (1994). Academic writing for graduate students: Essential tasks and skills. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Swales, J., M. (1990). Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. New York:
Swales, J., M. (2009). Worlds of genre—Metaphors of genre. In C. Bazerman, A. Bonini & D. Figueiredo (Eds.),
Genre in a Changing World. Perspectives on Writing (pp. 3-16). Fort Collins, Colorado: The WAC Clearinghouse and Parlor Press. Available at
http://wac.colostate.edu/books/genre/.
Tabatabaei, MA., Ramzi, S,.(2013). The Use of Hedges and Boosters in Monolingual and Bilingual EFL Learners’ Academic Writings: The Case of Iranian Male and Female Post-graduate MA Articles. The Journal of Applied Linguistics.6(12).
Tahririan, M. H., & Jalilifar, A. R. (2004). Generic analysis of theses and dissertation abstracts: Variation across cultures. IJAL, 7(2), 121-143.
Tardy, C. M. (2017). The challenge of genre in the academic writing classroom: Implications for L2 writing teacher education. In Bitchener, J., Storch, N. & Wette, R. (Eds) Teaching writing for academic purposes to multilingual students: Instructional approaches. New York, NY: Routledge, 69-83.
Tazik, K. (2010). A comparative lexico-generic analysis of research articles in sub-disciplines of Applied Linguistics and ESP: The case of local and international journals. Unpublished Master's thesis, University of Ilam, Iran.
Tsvetkov, Y., Twitto, N., Schneider, N., Ordan, N., Faruqui, M., Chahuneau, V., Wintner, S., & Dyer, C. (2013). Identifying the L1 of non-native writers: the CMU-Haifa system. In Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications, pages 279–287, Atlanta, Georgia, June 2013.
Association for Computational Linguistics. URL
http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W13-1736.
Varttala, T. (1999). Remarks on the communicative functions of hedging in popular and
Yang, R., & Allison, D. (2003). Research articles in applied linguistics: Moving from results to conclusions. English for Specific Purpose. 22, 365-385.
Yang, Y. (2003). A Contrastive Study of Hedges in English and Chinese Academic Discourse. Unpublished Master Dissertation, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Yilmaz, E., Dikilitaş, K., (2017). EFL learners’uses of adverbs in argumentative essays. Novitas-ROYAL .Research on Youth and Language,11(1), 69–87.
Zarei, G. R., & Mansoori, S. (2007). Metadiscourse in academic prose: A contrastive analysis of English and Persian research articles. The Asian ESP Journal, 3(2), 24-40.
)