مقایسه توالی‌های کلیشه‌ای در زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان مشترک و زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان بومی در سخنرانی‌های دانشگاهی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی(عادی)

نویسندگان

1 استادیار آموزش زبان انگلیسی، گروه زبان‌شناسی و زبان‌های خارجی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

2 فارغ‌التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد آموزش زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

چکیده

توالی‌های کلیشه‌ای (Formulaic Sequences) در زبان‌های مختلف مورد توجه پژوهشگران قرار گرفته‌اند. این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه توالی‌های کلیشه‌ای در سخنرانی‌ها در زبان انگلیسی به‌عنوان مشترک(Lingua Franca) و زبان انگلیسی به‌عنوان زبان بومی (Native Language) انجام شده است. افزون بر این، این پژوهش تلاش کرده است تا کارکردهای متنی و ساختاری توالی‌های کلیشه‌ای را در محتوای دو سخنرانی ارزیابی کند. در نهایت، این پژوهش به‌هدف یافتن جایگاه توالی‌های کلیشه‌ای در جمله انجام شد. به‌این منظور، دو پیکره، یکی رونوشتهای انگلیسی محاوره‌ای غیربومی و دیگری نوشته‌های انگلیسی محاوره‌ای آکادمیک دانشگاه میشیگان برای بررسی انتخاب شدند. از هر گروه، 50000 واژه گزینه شد. همچنین در این پژوهش از نرم‌افزار Antconc برای دستیابی به‌اهداف پژوهش استفاده شد. 638 توالی کلیشه‌ای از پژوهش‌های گذشته استخراج شد و یک به‌یک در پیکره مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این توالی‌ها براساس اهداف پژوهش و از زوایای مختلف مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که گوینده‌های غیر بومی، بیشتر از گوینده‌های بومی، از توالی‌های کلیشه‌ای استفاده می‌کنند. ضمن اینکه، بیشترین کارکرد متنی مورد استفاده در هر دو گروه گوینده‌های بومی و غیر بومی، کارکرد متنی مکانی- زمانی بود و عبارات قیدی بیشترین ساختار مورد استفاده توسط هر دو گروه بود. افزون بر این، دو گروه مورد مطالعه، از جایگاه‌های آغازین، بیشتر از سایر جایگاه‌ها استفاده کردند. بطور کلی، پژوهش حاضر کاربرد فراوانی برای دانشجویان، مدرسان و تدوین‌کنندگان برنامه‌های تحصیلی و آموزشی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing Formulaic Sequences in English as a Lingua Franca and English as a Native Language in Academic Lectures

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Khodabandeh 1
  • Mina Ramezani 2
1 Department of linguistics and language teaching, Payame Noor University
2 Payame Noor University
چکیده [English]

The high significance of Formulaic sequences (FSs) in each language has attracted the attention of scholars. This study aimed at comparing the use of FSs in English as a foreign language (EFL) and English as Native Language (ENL) lectures. Additionally, it attempted to discover the textual and structural functions of used FSs in two corpora of lectures. Finally, this study aimed at finding the position of FSs in sentences. To this end, two corpora, namely the transcribed corpus of spoken English of ELF and the Michigan Corpus of Academic Spoken English were selected to be studied. The present study selected 100,000 words from the two corpora, approximately 50,000 from each The study employed Antconc software in order to accomplish its goal. Then, 638 FSs were extracted from previous studies and examined one by one. They were analyzed from different perspectives according to the objectives of the study. The results indicated non-native speakers used FSs more than native ones. Moreover, the most used textual function was saptio-temporal one both by non-native and native speakers. The most used structure by both groups was prepositional phrase. Furthermore, both groups used FSs in initial position more than other positions. The present study has implications for students, teachers, and material developers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Formulaic Sequence
  • Lingua Franca
  • Textual Function
  • Position
  • saptio-temporal
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