نگرش فراگیران زبان انگلیسی به عوامل موثر بر کاهش انگیزش و راهبردهای کاهش آن

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی(عادی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای آموزش زبان انگلیسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و علوم اجتماعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد زبانشناسی کاربردی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار آموزش زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه امام علی (ع)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

گرچه پژوهشگران به علل عدم انگیزش زبان­آموزان پرداخته اند،‌ تا کنون تحقیقات اندکی در مورد راهبردهایی زبان­آموزان برای کاهش عدم انگیزش انجام شده است. بدین منظور، پژوهش حاضر برای بررسی عوامل مرتبط با عدم انگیزش و راهبردهای زبان­آموزان برای مقابله با آن انجام شد. شرکت­کنندگان در این مطالعه 30 زبان­آموز ایرانی در سطوح مختلف بسندگی زبانی بودند که بر اساس روش نمونه­گیری قابل دسترس از بین زبان­آموزان آموزشگاه­های مختلف زبان انتخاب شدند. این پژوهش از طریق روش تحقیق کیفی با استفاده از مصاحبه انجام شد. داده­ها با مصاحبه نیمه­ساختاریافته درمورد نگرش زبان­آموزان به عوامل موثر بر کاهش انگیزش و راهبردهای مورد استفاده برای مقابله با آن جمع­آوری شد. نتایج تحلیل محتوایی حاکی از آن است که زبان­آموزان از پنج عامل کاهش انگیزش از جمله روش آموزش، شخصیت معلم، خصوصیات همکلاسی­ها، اضطراب، و شرایط فیزیکی کلاس نام بردند. زبان­آموزان همچنین درس خواندن در زمان خاص از روز، مطالعه با همکلاسی­هایی که دانش انگلیسی بهتری دارند، معلم مهربان، شوخی و طنز به زبان انگلیسی توسط معلم و انجام فعالیت­های جالب و بازی در کلاس را به عنوان راهبردهای مقابله با عوامل موثر بر کاهش انگیزش نام بردند. بر اساس یافته­ها، پیشنهاد می­شود که معلمان برای کمک به زبان­آموزان از راهبرد­های مقابله با عوامل موثر بر کاهش انگیزش استفاده کنند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Demotivation and Demotivation-Reducing Strategies: Exploring EFL Learners’ Perceptions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asghar Afshari 1
  • Zia Tajeddin 2
  • Gholam-Reza Abbasian 3
1 Department of English Language, Faculty of Humanity and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of English Language Teaching, Faculty of humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Head of English Dept
چکیده [English]

Although many researchers have addressed demotivation, few studies have investigated English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ demotivation-reducing strategies. To bridge this gap, the present study sought to explore EFL learners’ perceptions of the sources of demotivation and their strategies to deal with it. Participants were 30 Iranian EFL learners at different levels of proficiency and from different language institutes, selected based on convenience sampling. This research was carried out through a qualitative method using interviews. The data were collected via two semi-structured interviews concerning learners’ perceptions of sources of demotivation and the strategies they used to deal with it. To analyze the data, the researcher used content analysis, the results of which indicated that learners specified five sources of demotivation including method of instruction, teacher’s personality, peer’s characteristics, anxiety, and classroom physical conditions. The learners mentioned studying English at a particular time of day, studying with students with better English knowledge, finding a friendly teacher, asking the teacher to tell jokes in English, and asking for exciting tasks and games in classrooms as demotivation-reducing strategies. Teachers are encouraged to take the sources of demotivation into account in order to help learners become less demotivated, and cooperate with learners in using demotivation-reducing strategies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • demotivation
  • sources of demotivation
  • demotivation-reducing strategies
  • EFL learners
  • perception
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