مبانی فلسفی پژوهش در سنجش زبان انگلیسی در ایران: بررسی مقالات چاپ شده در نشریات علمی پژوهشی از 2008 تاکنون

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی(عادی)

نویسنده

استادیار زبان‌شناسی کاربردی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

سنجش زبان، مانند دیگر شاخه‌های زبانشناسی کاربردی، همیشه متاثر از پارادایم‌های فلسفی زمانه است که عدم آگاهی به آنها ممکن است کیفیت پژوهش را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد. مقاله‌ی حاضر به بررسی مبانی فلسفی پژوهش در سنجش زبان انگلیسی در ایران می‌پردازد. بدین منظور همه‌ی مقالات قابل دسترس برخط که در نشریات علمی پژوهشی کشور در مورد سنجش زبان چاپ شده بودند مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. برای تشخیص مبانی فلسفی مقالات، عنوان، چکیده، روش پژوهش و چارچوب نظری آنها مورد تحلیل و بررسی قرار گرفت. در گام بعدی، مقالات به چهار مقوله‌ی فلسفی اثبات گرایی، واقع گرایی، برساخت گرایی و ابزارانگار‌ی تقسیم شدند. نتایج نشان داد که حدودا دو سوم پژوهش‌ها در سنجش زبان در ایران دارای مبانی فلسفی اثبات گرایی و واقع گرایی می‌باشند. کمتر از یک سوم مقالات مبتنی بر مکتب برساخت گرا هستند و سهم پژوهش با مبانی ابزارانگاری تقریبا ناچیز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Philosophy of Research in Language Testing: Investigating Papers Published in Iranian, Peer-reviewed, Domestic Journals from 2008 to 2018

نویسنده [English]

  • Kioumars Razavipour
Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Research in language testing should ideally move in tandem with movements in philosophical paradigms of science. Some scholars maintain that research in language testing has been slow to catch up with paradigmatic changes in ontology and epistemology of knowledge. The current study addresses the philosophical underpinnings of research in language testing in Iran. To this aim, all language testing papers published online in Iranian domestic journals were gathered and studied. Paper titles, the abstracts, methods, and the theoretical frameworks of the studies were content analyzed. Their approach to the definition of validity and validation were also investigated. Results indicated that positivist and realist ontological assumptions underlie two thirds of the papers. Moreover, one third of papers were conducted within the constructivist philosophy and the pragmatic philosophy seems to be to a large extent absent in language testing research in Iran (only two papers). The implications for the pedagogy of language testing and assessment are further discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • language testing
  • constructivism
  • positivism
  • realism
  • pragmatism
  • epistemology
  • ontology
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