اقلام فرهنگ‌ویژه و مربع ایدئولوژیک در کتاب‌های آموزش زبان انگلیسی تألیف‌شده در کشورهای درون‌حلقه‌ای در مقایسه با کتاب‌های مورد استفاده در دبیرستان‌های دولتی اقلیم کردستان عراق: مطالعه‌ای مبتنی بر تحلیل گفتمان چندوجهی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی(عادی)

نویسندگان

گروه آموزش زبان انگلیسی، دانشکده ادبیات و زبانهای خارجی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

10.22059/jflr.2026.404774.1258

چکیده

هدف پژوهش، بررسی نحوۀ بازنمایی عناصر فرهنگ‌ویژه، ارزش‌های ایدئولوژیک و ویژگی‌های بصری در کتاب‌های آموزش زبان انگلیسی است. مجموعۀ American File (ویرایش دوم)، تولیدشده در کشورهای درون‌حلقه‌ای، و Sunrise، مورد استفاده در دبیرستان‌های کردستان عراق، به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها با استفاده از چهارچوب کرس و ون لیوون (2006) و الگوی ون دایک (2000) تحلیل گردیدند. نتایج حاکی از تفاوت‌های چشمگیر در بازنمایی عناصر فرهنگی بین دو مجموعه بود. درحالی‌که هر دو کتاب به موضوعاتی چون تفریح و عادات روزمره پرداخته‌اند، American File بر بیان هنری و ویژگی‌های سیاسی- جغرافیایی تمرکز بیشتری داشت. Sunrise، این عناصر را با فراوانی کمتر و گرایش‌های واقع‌گرایانه ارائه می‌کرد. آزمون خی‌دو تفاوت‌های معناداری در بازنمایی سیاست، پوشش و هنر نشان داد. تحلیل ایدئولوژیک نشان داد که American File خودنمایی مثبت را برجسته می‌کند، درحالی‌که Sunrise بر اجماع اجتماعی تأکید دارد. Sunrise همچنین مفاهیمی چون قطب‌گرایی را با دلالت‌های ایدئولوژیک خاص بازنمایی می‌کند. American File رویکردی انسان‌محور با تمرکز بر فرهنگ داشت، درحالی‌که Sunrise با طراحی مینیمالیستی، مفاهیم را انتزاعی‌تر ارائه می‌داد. به‌طور کلی، کتاب‌های آموزش زبان، نگرش‌های فرهنگی و ایدئولوژیک را منتقل می‌کنند. پس‌زمینه‌های سیاسی این منابع، چالش‌هایی را در بازنمایی چندفرهنگی ایجاد می‌کند که نیازمند مدیریت دقیق برای پرورش تفکر انتقادی است. یافته‌های این پژوهش برای دست‌اندرکاران آموزش زبان سودمند است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Specific Culture Items and Ideological Squares in English Language Teaching Textbooks Authored in Nuclear Power Countries Compared to Textbooks Used in Public High Schools in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Study Based on Multimodal Discourse Analysi

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nava Nourdad
  • Mohammad Zohrabi
  • Ali Aziz Lazem al‑Ta’n
Department of English Language, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The aim of the study is to examine how culture-specific elements, ideological values, and visual features are represented in English language teaching textbooks. The American File series (second edition), produced in inner-circle countries, and Sunrise, used in high schools in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, were selected as the samples. The data were analyzed using Kress and van Leeuwen’s (2006) framework and van Dijk’s (2000) model. The results revealed significant differences in the representation of cultural elements between the two series. While both textbooks address topics such as leisure and everyday habits, American File places greater emphasis on artistic expression and political–geographical features. Sunrise presents these elements less frequently and with more realist tendencies. Chi-square tests indicated significant differences in the representation of politics, clothing, and art. Ideological analysis showed that American File highlights positive self-presentation, whereas Sunrise emphasizes social consensus. Sunrise also represents concepts such as polarization with specific ideological implications. American File adopts a human-centered, culture-focused approach, while Sunrise, with its minimalist design, presents concepts in a more abstract manner. Overall, language textbooks convey cultural and ideological orientations. The political backgrounds of these materials create challenges for multicultural representation, which require careful management to foster critical thinking. The findings of this study are beneficial for stakeholders in language education.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • English language teaching textbooks
  • Ideological Square
  • Multimodal Linguistics
  • Sunrise
  • Visual Features
  • American File
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