بار شناختی فراگیران زبان‌های خارجی در کلاس‌های برخط: یک مطالعه کیفی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی(عادی)

نویسندگان

گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی ، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

بار شناختی مقدار تلاشی است که ذهن برای پردازش اطلاعات انجام می­دهد و زمانی که بار شناختی بالا یا اضافی باشد منجر به پیامدهایی همچون عدم تمایل به یادگیری، عدم توانایی در یادآوری اطلاعات از حافظه درازمدت و درک اطلاعات می­شود. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر بررسی بار شناختی کلاس­های آنلاین برای فراگیران زبان­های خارجی با استفاده از یک مطالعه کیفی است. پژوهش حاضر از رویکرد کیفی با استفاده از تئوری گراندد (1967) تلاش کرده است به اهداف خود برسد. جامعه آماری پژوهش کلیه فراگیران زبان­ انگلیسی دانشگاه آزاد تبریز هستند که از بین آنها 16 فراگیر با استفاده از روش نمونه­گیری غیرتصادفی هدفمند به‌عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شده و به‌صورت داوطلبانه در پژوهش شرکت کردند. برای گردآوری داده­ها، مؤلفه­های بارشناختی فراگیران از مصاحبه نیمه­ساختاریافته استفاده شد. برای ارزیابی روایی و پایایی مصاحبه­ها از روش لینکولن و گوبا (1985) و ضریب کاپا (663/0) بهره گرفته شد. یافته­های پژوهش نشان داد که در کل 27 کد به‌عنوان مؤلفه­های بار شناختی در کلاس­های آنلاین شناسایی شدند که تحت شش مؤلفه اصلی شامل فرایند یادگیری، انجام تکالیف، زمان کلاس، محیط، کیفیت نرم­افزار و بار مطلوب دسته­بندی شدند. این مؤلفه­های اصلی نیز خود تحت سه مؤلفه انتخابی شامل بارشناختی درونی، بار شناختی بیرونی و بارشناختی مطلوب طبقه­بندی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Cognitive Load for Online Classrooms in an EFL Context: A Qualitative Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Solmaz Mounesi Gharamaleki
  • Saeideh Ahangari
  • Nasrin hadidi Tamjid
Department of English language, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cognitive load is the amount of effort the mind makes to process information. When the cognitive load is high or excessive, it leads to consequences such as unwillingness to learn, inability to recall information from long-term memory, and understanding information.The main objective of this study was to consider a cognitive load for online classrooms in an EFL context using a qualitative study. This study made use of qualitative approach through grounded theory (1967). Population were all EFL learners of Tabriz Azad University students among them 16 EFL learners selected as sample size using purposefully non-randomly method who participated in our study voluntary. To gather data, a semi-structured interviews designed with learners to identify the items and components of their cognitive load in online classes. To determine the validity and reliability of interviews process, we made use of Lincoln & Guba (1985) method and kappa coefficient (0.663). Results showed that in general 27 codes were identified as components of cognitive load in online classes which are categorized under 6 core components as learning process, doing tasks, class time, environment, software quality and suitable load. In turn, these core components were categorized as selective components including intrinsic, extraneous and germane cognitive loads.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive Load Theory
  • Online Classes
  • Higher Education’ Students
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